abstract：BACKGROUND:The rapid and accurate identification of the H5 and H7 subtypes of avian influenza (AI) virus is an important step for the control and eradication of highly pathogenic AI outbreaks and for the surveillance of AI viruses that have the potential to undergo changes in pathogenicity in poultry and wild birds. Cu...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Kim HR,Oem JK,Bae YC,Kang MS,Lee HS,Kwon YK

更新日期：2013-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP) that can be identified in around 0.25%-3.8% of the infected population. Disease progression can be monitored by the proviral load and may depend on genetic factors, howeve...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Mota-Miranda AC,Barreto FK,Amarante MF,Batista E,Monteiro-Cunha JP,Farre L,Galvão-Castro B,Alcantara LC

更新日期：2013-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In September 2012, a novel coronavirus was isolated from a patient in Saudi Arabia who had died of an acute respiratory illness and renal failure. The clinical presentation was reminiscent of the outbreak caused by the SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) exactly ten years ago that resulted in over 8000 cases. Sequence analysi...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Khan G

更新日期：2013-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Subviral particles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) composed of L protein deletion variants with the 48 N-terminal amino acids of preS joined to the N-terminus of S protein (1-48preS/S) induced broadly neutralizing antibodies after immunization of mice with a Semliki Forest virus vector. A practical limitation for...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Niedre-Otomere B,Bogdanova A,Bruvere R,Ose V,Gerlich WH,Pumpens P,Glebe D,Kozlovska T

更新日期：2013-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The genus Flavivirus includes several pathogenic agents that cause severe illness in humans. Re-emergence of West Nile virus in Europe and continuous spread of certain flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis viruses represent a global danger to public health. Therefore, a rapid an...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Patel P,Landt O,Kaiser M,Faye O,Koppe T,Lass U,Sall AA,Niedrig M

更新日期：2013-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To understand the prevalence and characteristics of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in children in the Weifang area, and to provide information for its prevention and treatment. METHODS:A comprehensive survey was performed from 2009 to 2012 in 7582 children from birth to 6 years of age hospitalized i...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Sun X,Liu Z,Wang B,Shi L,Liang R,Li L,Qian D,Song X

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary pneumonia due to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of the research was designed a novel DNA vaccine encoding the Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted antigen Ag85A fused with the influenza A virus (IAV) HA2 protein to provide protection against both influenz...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Dai J,Pei D,Wang B,Kuang Y,Ren L,Cao K,Zuo B,Shao J,Li S,Jiang Z,Li H,Li M

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Local epidemiology of Dengue is defined by the genetic diversity of the circulating Dengue virus (DENV) strains. This important information is not available for the virus strains from most parts of the Indian subcontinent. The present study focused on the genetic diversity of the serotype 3 DENV strains (DEN...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Manakkadan A,Joseph I,Prasanna RR,Kunju RI,Kailas L,Sreekumar E

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The diseases caused by Rice black streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) and Southern rice black streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) have been occurring epidemically in China and southeastern Asia in recent years. A sensitive, reliable and quantitative method is required to detect and distinguish for RBSDV and SRBSDV in ric...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Zhang P,Mar TT,Liu W,Li L,Wang X

更新日期：2013-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV-1 subtype B' isolates have been predominantly circulating in China. Their intra- and inter-subtype neutralization sensitivity to autologous and heterologous plasmas has not been well studied. RESULTS:Twelve HIV-1 B' clinical isolates obtained from patients were tested for their intra- and inter-subtype ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： OuYang Y,Sun J,Huang Y,Lu L,Xu W,Hu X,Hong K,Jiang S,Shao Y,Ma L

更新日期：2013-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Torque Teno Virus (TTV) was the first single stranded circular DNA virus to be discovered that infects humans. Although there have been numerous reports regarding the prevalence of TTV from other countries of South Asia, there is severe lack of information regarding its prevalence in Pakistan. Thus the prese...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Hussain T,Manzoor S,Waheed Y,Tariq H,Hanif K

更新日期：2012-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have revealed that Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) protein plays an essential role in the inhibition of viral infection through type I interferon (IFN) pathway. It has been shown that 3C (pro) cysteine protease of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cleaves MAVS to inhibit type I IFNs induction....

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Zhang QM,Song WQ,Li YJ,Qian J,Zhai AX,Wu J,Li AM,He JM,Zhao JY,Yu X,Wei LL,Zhang FM

更新日期：2012-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Infection with Chikungunya alphavirus (CHIKV) can cause severe arthralgia and chronic arthritis in humans with persistence of the virus in perivascular macrophages of the synovial membrane by mechanisms largely ill-characterized. FINDINGS:We herein analysed the innate immune response (cytokine and programme...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Kumar S,Jaffar-Bandjee MC,Giry C,Connen de Kerillis L,Merits A,Gasque P,Hoarau JJ

更新日期：2012-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The NanoSight LM10 with Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) software was evaluated for the quantification of latex particles, adenovirus 5, and influenza virus. The inter-day variability was determined by measuring the same sample over several consecutive days and the method's accuracy was demonstrated by using known...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Kramberger P,Ciringer M,Štrancar A,Peterka M

更新日期：2012-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Protease inhibitors (PIs) to treat hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection have been approved and others are under development. RESULTS:The aims of this study were to illustrate natural polymorphisms in the HCV protease and measure the frequency of PI resistance mutations in different HCV genotypes from PI-naïve ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Paolucci S,Fiorina L,Piralla A,Gulminetti R,Novati S,Barbarini G,Sacchi P,Gatti M,Dossena L,Baldanti F

更新日期：2012-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:During the pandemic [Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09] period in 2009-2010, an influenza A (Inf-A) virus with H1N2 subtype (designated as A/Eastern India/N-1289/2009) was detected from a 25 years old male from Mizoram (North-eastern India). OBJECTIVE:To characterize full genome of the H1N2 influenza virus. METHODS:F...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Mukherjee TR,Agrawal AS,Chakrabarti S,Chawla-Sarkar M

更新日期：2012-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:One requisite of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) is to normalise the data with an internal reference gene that is invariant regardless of treatment, such as virus infection. Several studies have found variability in the expression of commonly used housekeeping genes, such as beta-actin (ACTB...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Kuchipudi SV,Tellabati M,Nelli RK,White GA,Perez BB,Sebastian S,Slomka MJ,Brookes SM,Brown IH,Dunham SP,Chang KC

更新日期：2012-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aquatic birnavirus infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) causes infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN), a severe disease in farmed salmonid fish. IPNV has a very broad host range and infects many different species of fish as well as molluscs and crustaceans. Investigation of the host reservoir of a v...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Ørpetveit I,Küntziger T,Sindre H,Rimstad E,Dannevig BH

更新日期：2012-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The major structural protein of coronaviruses, the membrane (M) protein, can elicit the formation of protective antibodies, but little information is available about the M protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Identification of epitopes on the PEDV M protein will be helpful in the elucidation of...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Zhang Z,Chen J,Shi H,Chen X,Shi D,Feng L,Yang B

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) emerging in China exhibits high fatality to pigs. However, the mechanism related to the increased pathogenicity of the virus remains unclear. In the present study, the differences in tissue tropism between the highly pathogenic...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Li L,Zhao Q,Ge X,Teng K,Kuang Y,Chen Y,Guo X,Yang H

更新日期：2012-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 causes cervical cancer. To better understand immune responses to the prophylactic vaccine, HPV 16/18 L1 virus-like particles (HPV-VLPs), we investigated B cell epitopes of HPV16 L1-derived peptides. METHODS:Sera from mice immunized with HPV-...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Fukui A,Matsueda S,Kawano K,Tsuda N,Komatsu N,Shichijo S,Sasada T,Hattori S,Ushijima K,Itoh K,Kamura T

更新日期：2012-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Clinical and laboratory studies have indicated that coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can suppress one another, eliciting a dominant disease phenotype. To assess whether HBV can influence the antiviral effect of treatment on HCV, we performed a meta-analysis to comparativel...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Liu JY,Sheng YJ,Hu HD,Zhong Q,Wang J,Tong SW,Zhou Z,Zhang DZ,Hu P,Ren H

更新日期：2012-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A novel human enterovirus (HEV) type within the species HEV-C, named EV109, was discovered from cases of respiratory illness in Nicaragua in September 2010. The aim of this study, was to retrospectively examine the presence and the role of EV109 in respiratory samples from two patients populations; infants b...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Debiaggi M,Ceresola ER,Sampaolo M,Alessandrino EP,Brerra R,Piazza A,Clementi M,Canducci F

更新日期：2012-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The mechanisms through which the avian influenza virus H5N1 modulate the host's innate immune defense during invasion, remains incompletely understood. RIG-I as a pattern recognition receptor plays an important role in mediating innate immune response induced by influenza virus. So, modulating RIG-I might be...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Mi Z,Ma Y,Tong Y

更新日期：2012-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are two of the most frequent respiratory pathogens that circulate worldwide. Infection with either virus can lead to hospitalization of young children, immunocompromised people and the elderly.A better understanding of the epidemiologi...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Sastre P,Ruiz T,Schildgen O,Schildgen V,Vela C,Rueda P

更新日期：2012-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dengue viruses (DENV) are the most important arboviruses of humans and cause significant disease. Infection with DENV elicits antibody responses to the envelope glycoprotein, predominantly against immunodominant, cross-reactive, weakly-neutralizing epitopes. These weakly-neutralizing antibodies are implicate...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Hughes HR,Crill WD,Chang GJ

更新日期：2012-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and its mimic, polyinosinic acid: polycytidylic acid [Poly (I:C)], are recognized by toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and induce interferon (IFN)-β in many cell types. Poly (I:C) is the most potent IFN inducer. In in vivo mouse studies, intraperitoneal injection of Poly (I:C) elicited ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Li YG,Siripanyaphinyo U,Tumkosit U,Noranate N,A-Nuegoonpipat A,Pan Y,Kameoka M,Kurosu T,Ikuta K,Takeda N,Anantapreecha S

更新日期：2012-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ebola viruses (EBOVs) cause severe hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate. At present, there are no licensed vaccines or efficient therapies to combat EBOV infection. Previous studies have shown that both humoral and cellular immune responses are crucial for controlling Ebola infection. CD8+ T cells pl...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Wu S,Yu T,Song X,Yi S,Hou L,Chen W

更新日期：2012-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The most common etiologic agents causing chronic hepatitis are hepatitis C and B viruses (HCV and HBV, respectively). Chronic infection caused by HCV is considered one of the major causative agents of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. In combination with the increasing rate of new HCV infections,...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Hoffmann TW,Duverlie G,Bengrine A

更新日期：2012-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:At the moment, there are a number of publications describing gene expression profiling in virus-infected plants. Most of the data are limited to specific host-pathogen interactions involving a given virus and a model host plant - usually Arabidopsis thaliana. Even though several summarizing attempts have bee...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Postnikova OA,Nemchinov LG

更新日期：2012-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is continuously circulating in many Asian countries and threatening poultry industry and human population. Vaccination is the best strategy to control H5N1 HPAIV infection in poultry and transmission to human population. The aim of this study is to identif...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Zhang W,Tu J,Zhao Z,Chen H,Jin M

更新日期：2012-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is an inducible transcription factor that plays a key role in inflammation and immune responses, as well as in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival. Previous studies by our group and others have demonstrated that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Fang Y,Fang L,Wang Y,Lei Y,Luo R,Wang D,Chen H,Xiao S

更新日期：2012-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral diseases constitute obstacles to pepper production in the world. In Nigeria, pepper plants are primarily affected by pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper leaf curl Virus (TLCV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mottle virus (PMV) and a host of other viruses. The experiment was...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Arogundade O,Balogun OS,Kareem KT

更新日期：2012-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The amino terminus of the tobacco etch virus (TEV) capsid protein is located on the external surface of infectious TEV particles, as proposed by previous studies and an in silico model. The epsilon amino groups on the exposed lysine residues are available for chemical conjugation to any given protein, and ca...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Manuel-Cabrera CA,Márquez-Aguirre A,Rodolfo HG,Ortiz-Lazareno PC,Chavez-Calvillo G,Carrillo-Tripp M,Silva-Rosales L,Gutiérrez-Ortega A

更新日期：2012-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) diseases are known to be zoonotic diseases that can infect different kinds of animals. The transmissibility of TSE, like that of other infectious diseases, shows marked species barrier, either being unable to infect heterologous species or difficult to form trans...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Shi Q,Zhang BY,Gao C,Zhang J,Jiang HY,Chen C,Han J,Dong XP

更新日期：2012-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dengue fever is perhaps the most important viral re-emergent disease especially in tropical and sub-tropical countries, affecting about 50 million people around the world yearly. In Colombia, dengue virus was first detected in 1971 and still remains as a major public health issue. Although four viral serotyp...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Méndez JA,Usme-Ciro JA,Domingo C,Rey GJ,Sánchez JA,Tenorio A,Gallego-Gomez JC

更新日期：2012-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Avian influenza virus (AIV) is classified into two pathotypes, low pathogenic (LP) and high pathogenic (HP), based on virulence in chickens.Differences in pathogenicity between HPAIV and LPAIV might eventually be related to specific characteristics of strains, tissue tropism and host responses. METHODS:To s...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Post J,Burt DW,Cornelissen JB,Broks V,van Zoelen D,Peeters B,Rebel JM

更新日期：2012-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is endemic worldwide, and it causes cirrhosis and other complications that often lead to death; nevertheless, our knowledge of the disease and its mechanisms is limited. HCV is most common in underdeveloped nations, including many in Africa and Asia. The virus is usually transmitted by parenter...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Aman W,Mousa S,Shiha G,Mousa SA

更新日期：2012-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Highly-pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and Newcastle disease (ND) viruses are the two most important poultry viruses in the world, with the ability to cause classic central nervous system dysfunction in poultry and migratory birds. To elucidate the mechanisms of neurovirulence caused by these viruses,...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Balasubramaniam VR,Wai TH,Omar AR,Othman I,Hassan SS

更新日期：2012-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human caliciviruses (HuCV) are emerging enteric pathogens that are a common cause of diarrhea in humans worldwide. Due to the paucity of information on the molecular characterization of HuCV circulating in Mexico, the aim of this work was to investigate the diversity and molecular epidemiology of the HuCV in...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Gómez-Santiago F,Ribas-Aparicio RM,García-Lozano H

更新日期：2012-02-23 00:00:00